Current Western NC Orchard Pest Populations Aug 10, 2015

— Written By and last updated by
en Español / em Português
Español

El inglés es el idioma de control de esta página. En la medida en que haya algún conflicto entre la traducción al inglés y la traducción, el inglés prevalece.

Al hacer clic en el enlace de traducción se activa un servicio de traducción gratuito para convertir la página al español. Al igual que con cualquier traducción por Internet, la conversión no es sensible al contexto y puede que no traduzca el texto en su significado original. NC State Extension no garantiza la exactitud del texto traducido. Por favor, tenga en cuenta que algunas aplicaciones y/o servicios pueden no funcionar como se espera cuando se traducen.


Português

Inglês é o idioma de controle desta página. Na medida que haja algum conflito entre o texto original em Inglês e a tradução, o Inglês prevalece.

Ao clicar no link de tradução, um serviço gratuito de tradução será ativado para converter a página para o Português. Como em qualquer tradução pela internet, a conversão não é sensivel ao contexto e pode não ocorrer a tradução para o significado orginal. O serviço de Extensão da Carolina do Norte (NC State Extension) não garante a exatidão do texto traduzido. Por favor, observe que algumas funções ou serviços podem não funcionar como esperado após a tradução.


English

English is the controlling language of this page. To the extent there is any conflict between the English text and the translation, English controls.

Clicking on the translation link activates a free translation service to convert the page to Spanish. As with any Internet translation, the conversion is not context-sensitive and may not translate the text to its original meaning. NC State Extension does not guarantee the accuracy of the translated text. Please note that some applications and/or services may not function as expected when translated.

Collapse ▲

We track local insect populations throughout the growing season using a system of traps, temperature-recording devices, and degree-day models. Traps and weather data are checked weekly, with results updated by Tuesday afternoon from April through September. Learn more about southeastern apple pests at the Apple Pest Management page.


Weekly summary

AUGUST 10, 2015

OrchardsCodling moth:  Codling moth remains active in a few locations where populations have been problematic or in orchards with reduced spray programs. However, trap captures remain very low (usually zero) in orchards that have not experienced problems to this point in time.

Oriental Fruit Moth:  Oriental fruit moth trap captures continue their gradual increase as we progress through August. In orchards NOT using CM/OFM pheromone dispensers for mating disruption, an application of OFM sprayable pheromone at this time would help to manage late-season OFM. Oftentimes sprayable pheromone provides longer residual control of OFM in August and September than do insecticides.

Apple Maggot:  Apple maggot flies remained active this week with a trap capture of 9 flies per trap in an abandoned orchard. Emergence is occurring several weeks later than normal, and there have been reports of flies observed in several locations during the past week. Hence, if not monitoring for this insect one can only assume that a potentially damaging population exists, and an insecticide with activity against apple maggot should be considered.

Tufted Apple Bud Moth:  With about 2700 degree-days having accumulated since biofix, second generation egg hatch is not occurring. However, no insecticidal control is necessary in orchards where an insecticide effective against TABM was applied anytime from the last week of May through mid June, because control of the first generation (with either Altacor, Delegate, Intrepid or Rimon) reduces populations to such low levels that control of the second generation is not necessary. The extremely low pheromone trap captures observed at this time further substantiate that insecticidal control is not necessary.

Brown Marmorated Stink Bug:  While first generation stink bug adults have been active in the piedmont for several weeks, numbers are now on the rise in mountain areas. Stink bug damage to apples is very similar to calcium-deficiency problems referred to as cork spot or bitter pit. Characteristics that can be used to differentiate the two include:

  1. Stink bug feeding results in corking immediately below the fruit skin, whereas cork spot damage may have healthy flesh between the skin and necrotic tissue.
  2. Stink bug damage is usually uniform in shape, while cork spot is irregular.
  3. Surface depressions due to stink bug feeding damage are generally circular with a gradual slope into the feeding depression, and depressions are often clustered and accompanied by a puncture mark where the stink bug inserted its stylet. Cork spot is characterized by a more abrupt surface depression. The “puncture” is not readily seen on the surface of the fruit, but there is often the presence of a cone shaped discoloration into the fruit.

 Average Weekly Trap Captures*

HENDERSON COUNTY
Insects per trap
July 27
Aug 3
Aug 10
Codling Moth
9.0 13.7 11.0
Oriental Fruit Moth
5.3 7.0 8.5
Tufted Apple Bud Moth 2.0 3.5 3.0
Redbanded Leafroller 0.0 2.5 1.5
Obliquebanded Leafroller 0.5 2.0 1.0
Lesser Appleworm 0.0 2.0 0.0
Apple Maggot 0.5 4.0 4.5
Brown Marmorated Stink Bug 0.0 0.0 0.5
Spotted Tentiform Leafminer 0.0 18.0 18.0
Dogwood Borer 26.0 40.0 17.0
Peachtree Borer 41.0 52.0 30.5
Lesser Peachtree Borer 7.0 25.0 28.5
San Jose Scale 2015.0 367.5 325.0

*Note that averages presented here are intended only to illustrate the timing of insect emergence and fluctuations in population activity, and not as general indicators of population levels. Some orchards included in these averages have significantly higher or lower populations than most commercial orchards in the area, resulting in averages that are sometimes skewed from what is typical. The only way to have an accurate assessment of an individual orchard’s populations is to set up traps in that orchard.


Accumulated Degree Days

Henderson County
 Biofix July 27
Aug 3
Aug 10
Codling Moth April 23 1840 2014 2184
Oriental Fruit Moth Apr 6 2518 2734 2936
Tufted Apple Bud Moth April 23 2258 2474 2676
About degree-day models:The degree day (DD) models predict adult emergence and egg hatch of each generation. They do not predict the intensity of populations, which can be assessed by using pheromone traps. Hence, the models should be used to help gauge the time period when control is most likely needed, and pheromone traps provide information on the need for and frequency of insecticide applications. For full details, read “IPM Practices for Selected Pests” in the Orchard Management Guide.
CODLING MOTH:

  • 1st generation: Egg hatch begins at about 350 DD after biofix and is completed by 1050 DD. The most critical period for insecticidal control is from 350 to about 750 DD.
  • 2nd generation: Egg hatch of the second generation can extend from about 1300 to 2600 DD after biofix, but the most critical period for insecticidal control is 1400 to about 2500 DD.
  • 3rd generation: Adults begin to emerge at about 2500 DD after biofix, but the model is less accurate in predicting late-season populations.
ORIENTAL FRUIT MOTH:

  • 1st generation: Only one insecticide application between 400 and 500 degree days is usually necessary, as 1st generation egg-laying is usually low on apple.
  • 2nd generation: Effective 1st-generation control may eliminate the need for 2nd-generation control. If trap captures remain high, insecticides may be needed around 1100 to 1400 DD.
  • 3rd generation: Insecticide may be needed at 2200 DD after biofix.
  • 4th generation: Overlapping generations late in the season make it difficult to predict when 4th-generation egg hatch begins, but continuous egg-laying can occur from August through October. Use traps to determine the need for further insecticide applications.
 TUFTED APPLE BUD MOTH:

  • 1st generation: One well-timed insecticide application between 800 and 1200 DD after biofix will often eliminate the need for further control of TABM.
  • 2nd generation: Only if trap captures exceed 25 moths per trap by 2600 DD is an insecticide application recommended. NOTE: Insecticides targeting 2nd generation TABM are usually not necessary if 1st generation populations were successfully controlled.

Written By

Jim Walgenbach, N.C. Cooperative ExtensionDr. Jim WalgenbachProfessor & Extension Entomology Specialist (Fruits / Vegetables) Call Dr. Jim Email Dr. Jim Entomology & Plant Pathology
NC State Extension, NC State University
Updated on Jun 29, 2018
Was the information on this page helpful? Yes check No close
Scannable QR Code to Access Electronic Version